The Internet of Things has received a lot of well-deserved attention because it offers many potential benefits. While the IoT-connected node is installed for 5, 10 years or more on the subject of speculation and market research (and guessing), one thing is clear: the numbers will be huge. The Internet of Things is a sibling of closely related industrial machine-to-machine (M2M) applications, so there is a lot of technical similarity and the overlap between the two classes.

From a high-level perspective, an IoT node contains three system function blocks (Figure 1): 1) sensors or sensors (temperature, flow, position of the open/close door, for example); 2) digital processor unit ( The single chip microcomputer captures the processing and analysis of the sensor data; 3) the connection port can be wired or wireless. The former is an option if there is a low-cost network available or installed, if security is an important consideration, if the background is a severe EMI/RFI area, or only a few points are connected. However, for most IoT installations, a wireless connection is preferred because of the ease of installation and overall flexibility in the initial location, even if the IoT node needs to be migrated.

Wireless IoT Connection: How to choose wireless technology

Figure 1: The advanced system block diagram or M2M node of the Internet of Things shows three main functions: sensor, processor and connection interface.

Choosing a standard wireless connection does not mean that design decisions and design processes are simple. Wireless connectivity must comply with industry and regulatory standards, and in many cases and regional approvals. There are many designers who might need to consider wireless IoT options. In some facilities, the decision has been due to an authorized or existing network. On the other hand, designers can evaluate options and make choices based on performance-based trade-offs and priorities, network types (network, WLAN, peer-to-peer), range, power, band(s), robustness, and, of course, cost. There are also major security issues, authentication and encryption.

Choice can easily become confusing

If all or most of the wireless IoT connectivity options are considered, you can challenge the viable possibilities of near-overwhelming design analysis. In addition to industry standard interface options, there is always the option to design a proprietary link if the standard is insufficient or requires some form of "locking" for competition or security reasons. As a general rule, unless there is a strong compelling reason to use proprietary wireless methods, it is easier, less risky, less costly, and faster to enter the market's standard technology. Even though there are many variations on these standard versions and versions; again, it is usually best to choose a common one, for the same practical reason, the non-patent method is selected.

The Internet of Things wireless connection between competitors is wi-fi, Bluetooth (including Bluetooth Smart, previously Bluetooth low energy), wireless personal area network, z-wave, DECT, ANT+. Of course, there are supporters and followers, and different levels of vendor support for hardware, software, and compliance. Table 1 shows the main attributes of each standard, but note that the standard is always changing, so the table is just a rough guide. In general, IoT applications don't require too much range or high data rates, and keep those attribute results well below the power demand supply and RF phases.

Wireless IoT Connection: How to choose wireless technology

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