LED lighting
According to research data released by Communications with Selantek for the global solid-state lighting LED market , in 2010, the global lighting market was 20.2 billion units (sets), of which LED lamps accounted for 96 million units. In 2011, LED lights will increase to 12.2 billion units and will reach 992 million units in 2016. Among the various applications of LED lights, the top three cars, traffic lights and signs accounted for 40%, 28% and 11% respectively. The various costs and total cost changes of LED lights are shown in Figure 19.
Figure 19 LED lamp cost and total cost changes
Current LED lighting design challenges
For the current challenges of LED lighting design, Fairchild's PCIA lighting business technology expert Brian Johnson summed up three aspects:
First, the pressure of small PCB size and BOM cost. LED lamp drivers are more compact; VDD supplies, transformers, input/output/VDD electrolytic capacitors, etc. increase the cost per unit of device by $0.1 to $0.70.
Second, the life is short. The reason is that the reliability of electrolytic capacitors or high temperature and high humidity conditions is low; when LED lamp manufacturers boast a life of more than 50,000 hours, many unoptimized power supply life is only 10,000 to 20,000 hours. The current warranty period is 3 years, but should be extended to 5 years.
Third, the electronic design needs of high-quality, high-efficiency applications. High power factor (PF), low total harmonic distortion (THD); ENERGY STAR for commercial applications of 5W and above requires PF ≥ 0.9 and residential applications PF ≥ 0.7. Continuous output current (peak change > 5%); dimming; electrical efficiency above 80%.
Peter Green, Manager of LEDs for International Rectifier (IR) Energy Saving Products, added the following: Part-to-part changes in forward voltage, temperature changes, negative temperature coefficients, low dynamic impedance, and color and chromaticity conversion. He believes that the existing peak current buck regulator solution requires many improvements (see Figure 20).
Figure 20 Existing peak current buck regulator solutions require many improvements
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