Human Machine InteracTIon (HMI), also known as user interface or user interface, is a medium and dialogue interface for transferring and exchanging information between people and computers. It is an important part of computer systems. It is a medium for interaction and information exchange between the system and the user, which realizes the conversion between the internal form of information and the acceptable form of human beings. There are human-machine interfaces in all fields of human-computer information exchange. The early human-machine interface was the command language man-machine interface, and the human-machine dialogue was the machine language. The human-computer interaction mode can only be command and inquiry, and the communication is completely completed in the form of text by user command and user inquiry to the system. This requires amazing memory and a lot of training, requiring the operator to have a higher level of professionalism. For the average user, the command language user interface is error-prone, unfriendly and difficult to learn and the error handling ability is also weak. Therefore, this period is considered to be a man-machine confrontation period. With the development of hardware technology and the advancement of software technologies such as computer graphics, software engineering, window systems, etc., the graphical user interface (GraphicUserInterface) has been widely used and become the mainstream of the current human-machine interface. More mature commercial systems include Apple's Macintosh, IBM's PM (PresentaTIonManag2er), Microsoft's Windows, and X2Window running on Unix. The graphical user interface is also known as the WIMP interface, that is, Windows (Windows), Icons (Icons), Menus (Menus), and Indicators (PoinTIngDevice) are four-in-one to form a desktop. Among them, the window is the basic area of ​​interaction, mainly including the title bar, support movement and size scaling, menu bar, toolbar and operation area. The window is usually rectangular, but now many software makes it irregular, so that it looks more vibrant and individual. An icon is a graphic mark used to identify an object. A large part of it comes from the term symbol. It needs to be remembered when first touching, such as minimizing, closing, etc.; and some icons are derived from life, and are more pictographic without memory, such as a speaker. Adjust the volume, the house indicates HOME, the envelope indicates mail, and so on. The menu is an action command for the user to select, and all user commands in a software are included in the menu. Menus are usually displayed through windows. Common types are toolbars (including graphical toolbars), drop-downs, pop-ups (right-click menus), and cascading (multi-level menus). The pointer is a graphic used to visually describe the position of the pointing device (mouse or trackball) input to the system. The graphical interface pointers are commonly used with arrows, crosses, text input I, waiting for an hourglass, and so on. The graphical user interface can display different kinds of information at the same time, so that the user can switch in several environments without losing the connection between the work. The user can conveniently perform tasks through the pull-down menu, and greatly improve the interaction in the case of reducing keyboard input. effectiveness. This period is considered to be a human-machine coordination period. The rapid development of multimedia technology provides an opportunity for the advancement of human-machine interface. In the original user interface with only static media, multimedia technology introduces dynamic media such as animation, audio, video, etc., especially the introduction of audio media, which greatly enriches computer performance information. The form that broadens the bandwidth of the computer output. At the same time, the introduction of multimedia technology has also improved people's ability to select and control information expressions, enhance the combination of information performance and human logic and creativity, and expand people's information processing capabilities. With multimedia users, the efficiency of receiving information can be improved. Therefore, multimedia information is more attractive than single media information, and it is more conducive to people's active exploration of information. Unfortunately, although the multimedia user interface has become more abundant in information output, it still forces users to use conventional input devices (keyboard, mouse and touch screen) in terms of information input, that is, the input is single channel, input and output. Showing a great imbalance, this limitation limits its application. While the combination of multimedia and artificial intelligence technologies will change this situation, today's multimedia user interfaces are still being explored and improved. At this point, the rise of multi-channel user interface research has undoubtedly brought greater hope to the imbalance of input and output of the human-machine interface. Since the late 1980s, the multi-channel user interface (MulTImodalUserInterface) has become a new field of human-computer interaction technology research, and has been highly valued internationally. The research of multi-channel user interface is to eliminate the shortcomings of current graphic user interface--WIMP/GUI and multimedia user interface communication bandwidth imbalance. In the multi-channel user interface, new interactive channels, devices and technologies such as line of sight, voice, and gestures are integrated, enabling users to use multiple channels to conduct human-machine dialogue in a natural, parallel, and collaborative manner, while machines are integrated through multiple The precise and inaccurate input of the channels captures the user's interaction intent and improves the naturalness and efficiency of the interaction. Input channels other than keyboards and mice in the research are mainly speech and natural language, gestures, writing and eye movements, and are based on specific system research. The multi-channel user interface works together with the multimedia user interface to improve the naturalness and efficiency of human-computer interaction. Among them, the multimedia user interface mainly focuses on the user's understanding and acceptance of the computer output information, and the multi-channel user interface mainly focuses on the way the user inputs information and the computer's understanding of the user input information. The goal to be achieved by the interface can be summarized as follows: enable the user to use as much of the existing daily skills as possible to interact with the computer; make the human-machine communication information throughput more and more abundant, and exert the cognitive potential of different human-machines; The results of human-computer interaction technology are compatible with traditional user interfaces, especially the widely popular GUIs, so that the knowledge and skills of old users and expert users can be utilized. In the process of human-computer interaction, people are not satisfied with displaying or printing out information through the screen, and further request to be able to interact with organs such as visual and auditory, thus having a multimedia user interface. People are not satisfied with single-channel input, and they need to use more olfactory, tactile, and physical, gesture, or password interactions, so they have a multi-channel user interface. People also need to “enter†more naturally into the environmental space, form a “direct dialogue†between human and machine, and obtain an “immersive†experience. For this reason, there is a virtual reality human-machine interface. Single Phase Portable EV Charger Single Phase Portable Ev Charger,Portable Electric Car Charger,Portable Electric Vehicle Charger,Portable Ev Car Charger Yangzhou JERI New Energy Co., Ltd. , https://www.jrevcharging.com
First, the introduction of man-machine interface
January 20, 2023